LiveData

private SafeIterableMap<Observer<? super T>, ObserverWrapper> mObservers =
        new SafeIterableMap<>();

@MainThread
public void observe(@NonNull LifecycleOwner owner, @NonNull Observer<? super T> observer) {
    assertMainThread("observe");
    if (owner.getLifecycle().getCurrentState() == DESTROYED) {
        // ignore
        return;
    }
    LifecycleBoundObserver wrapper = new LifecycleBoundObserver(owner, observer);
    ObserverWrapper existing = mObservers.putIfAbsent(observer, wrapper);
    if (existing != null && !existing.isAttachedTo(owner)) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot add the same observer"
                + " with different lifecycles");
    }
    if (existing != null) {
        return;
    }
    owner.getLifecycle().addObserver(wrapper);
}

class LifecycleBoundObserver extends ObserverWrapper implements LifecycleEventObserver {
        final LifecycleOwner mOwner;
          @Override
        boolean shouldBeActive() {
            return mOwner.getLifecycle().getCurrentState().isAtLeast(STARTED);
        }
  
        @Override
        public void onStateChanged(@NonNull LifecycleOwner source,
                @NonNull Lifecycle.Event event) {
            if (mOwner.getLifecycle().getCurrentState() == DESTROYED) {
                removeObserver(mObserver);
                return;
            }
            activeStateChanged(shouldBeActive());
        }

@MainThread
public void observeForever(@NonNull Observer<? super T> observer) {
    assertMainThread("observeForever");
    AlwaysActiveObserver wrapper = new AlwaysActiveObserver(observer);
    ObserverWrapper existing = mObservers.putIfAbsent(observer, wrapper);
    if (existing instanceof LiveData.LifecycleBoundObserver) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot add the same observer"
                + " with different lifecycles");
    }
    if (existing != null) {
        return;
    }
    wrapper.activeStateChanged(true);
}

private class AlwaysActiveObserver extends ObserverWrapper {
    @Override
    boolean shouldBeActive() {
        return true;
    }
}

protected void postValue(T value) {
    boolean postTask;
    synchronized (mDataLock) {
        postTask = mPendingData == NOT_SET;
        mPendingData = value;
    }
    if (!postTask) {
        return;
    }
    ArchTaskExecutor.getInstance().postToMainThread(mPostValueRunnable);
}

private final Runnable mPostValueRunnable = new Runnable() {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        Object newValue;
        synchronized (mDataLock) {
            newValue = mPendingData;
            mPendingData = NOT_SET;
        }
        //noinspection unchecked
        setValue((T) newValue);
    }
};

@MainThread
protected void setValue(T value) {
    assertMainThread("setValue");
    mVersion++;
    mData = value;
    dispatchingValue(null);//null标识通知mObservers中的所有Observer
}

@Override
public void onStateChanged(LifecycleOwner source, Lifecycle.Event event) {
    if (mOwner.getLifecycle().getCurrentState() == DESTROYED) {
        removeObserver(mObserver);
        return;
    }
    activeStateChanged(shouldBeActive());
}

void activeStateChanged(boolean newActive) {
    if (newActive == mActive) {
        return;
    }
    //仅在active状态发生变化时才继续流程
    // immediately set active state, so we'd never dispatch anything to inactive owner
    mActive = newActive;
    boolean wasInactive = LiveData.this.mActiveCount == 0;
    LiveData.this.mActiveCount += mActive ? 1 : -1;
    if (wasInactive && mActive) {
        onActive();
    }
    if (LiveData.this.mActiveCount == 0 && !mActive) {
        onInactive();
    }
    if (mActive) {//仅仅在active时才dispatchValue
        dispatchingValue(this);//通知当前observer
    }
}

//如果传递了参数ObserverWrapper，则对其considerNotify，否则对mObservers中的item进行considerNotify
void dispatchingValue(@Nullable ObserverWrapper initiator) {
    if (mDispatchingValue) {
        mDispatchInvalidated = true;
        return;
    }
    mDispatchingValue = true;
    do {
        mDispatchInvalidated = false;
        if (initiator != null) {
            considerNotify(initiator);
            initiator = null;
        } else {
            for (Iterator<Map.Entry<Observer<? super T>, ObserverWrapper>> iterator =
                    mObservers.iteratorWithAdditions(); iterator.hasNext(); ) {
                considerNotify(iterator.next().getValue());
                if (mDispatchInvalidated) {
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
    } while (mDispatchInvalidated);
    mDispatchingValue = false;
}

private void considerNotify(ObserverWrapper observer) {
    if (!observer.mActive) {
        return;
    }
    // Check latest state b4 dispatch. Maybe it changed state but we didn't get the event yet.
    //
    // we still first check observer.active to keep it as the entrance for events. So even if
    // the observer moved to an active state, if we've not received that event, we better not
    // notify for a more predictable notification order.
    if (!observer.shouldBeActive()) {
        observer.activeStateChanged(false);
        return;
    }
    if (observer.mLastVersion >= mVersion) {
        return;
    }
    //only when mVersion > observer.mLastVersion
    observer.mLastVersion = mVersion;
    //noinspection unchecked
    observer.mObserver.onChanged((T) mData);
}

@Override
boolean shouldBeActive() {
    return mOwner.getLifecycle().getCurrentState().isAtLeast(STARTED);
}